For some historians, the Reign of Terror commenced with the execution of Louis XVI in January 1793.💰 Others date it to the formation of the Revolutionary Tribunal (March 1793), the expulsion of Girondinist deputies from the National💰 Convention (June 1793) or the murder of Jean-Paul Marat (July 1793).

The Great Terror  that followed, in which about 1,400💰 persons were executed, contributed to the fall of Robespierre on July 27 (9 Thermidor). During the Reign of Terror, at💰 least 300,000 suspects were arrested; 17,000 were officially executed, and perhaps 10,000 died in prison or without trial.